Coastal protection
From BAWiki
Definition
Totality of structural measures to protect the coasts of the mainland and the islands in the sea from the damaging influences (current, waves, surf, ice) of the sea. Active coastal defense means that the area of influence of destructive forces shall be moved seaward from the coast as far as possible, eg. by sand nourishments, current breakwaters, underwater groynes. In passive coastal defense, the offensive forces of the sea eg. by bank revetments, beach groynes, dune revetments, beach wall are blocked directly on the coast.