imported>Lang Guenther |
imported>BAWiki 3 |
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| [[category:Tidal Characteristic Numbers]] | | [[category:Tidal Characteristic Numbers]] |
| [[de: Tidekennwerte der Temperatur]] | | [[de: Tidekennwerte des Schwebstoffgehalts]] |
| [[Tidal Characteristic Numbers of Salinity|graphical representations of the characteristic numbers of salinity]] | | [[Tidal Characteristic Numbers of Salinity|graphical representations of the characteristic numbers of salinity]] |
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| ==Motivation== | | ==Motivation== |
| The calculation as well as the graphic visualization of various tidal characteristic numbers of temperature and also for the advective transport of heat contributes to an improved understanding of tidally dominated transport processes in estuaries. Spatial variations of temperature, advective transport of heat by means of flood and ebb currents can be highlighted for areas like coastal seas and estuaries as well. | | The calculation as well as the graphic visualization of various tidal characteristic numbers of suspended sediment concentration and also for the advective transport of suspended sediment contributes to an improved understanding of tidally dominated transport processes in estuaries. Spatial variations of suspended sediment concentration, advective transport of suspended sediment by means of flood and ebb currents can be highlighted for areas like coastal seas and estuaries as well. |
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| * As the calculations are performed separately for the durations of ebb- and flood-current it can be shown that transport paths can differ significantly for the two tidal phases. From this one can get additional insight with respect to the relevant transport mechanisms dominated by the tidal currents. This can be related to locally varying flood-ebb asymmetries for ebb volume and flood volume. Also the presence of horizontal gradients can contribute to this effect. | | * As the calculations are performed separately for the durations of ebb- and flood-current it can be shown that transport paths can differ significantly for the two tidal phases. From this one can get additional insight with respect to the relevant transport mechanisms dominated by the tidal currents. This can be related to locally varying flood-ebb asymmetries for ebb volume and flood volume. Also the presence of horizontal gradients can contribute to this effect. |
| | * The variation of suspended sediment concentration resulting from the local maximum as well as the local minimum of suspended sediment concentration can be quite large. This is a consequence of the different availability of suspended sediments, e. g. inside or outside of the turbidity maximum. The value for the local suspended sediment concentration variation is mainly the result of the product between the horizontal suspended sediment concentration gradient and the lagrangian drift of a water particle during a complete tidal cycle, but also effected by the strong spatial variation of deposition and erosion of suspended sediments throughout the estuary. |
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| * The variation of temperature resulting from the local maximum as well as the local minimum of temperature can be quite large. This is a consequence of the different temperature of e.g. sea and fresh water. The value for the local temperature variation is mainly the result of the product between the horizontal temperature gradient and the lagrangian drift of a water particle during a complete tidal cycle.
| | An automatic analysis of all tidal characteristic numbers of suspended sediment transport is carried through by the computer program [[TDKSF]]. |
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| An automatic analysis of all tidal characteristic numbers of temperature is carried through by the computer programs [[TDKSF]] and [[NCANALYSE]].
| | ==Definitions for the Tidal Characteristic Numbers of Suspended Sediment Transport== |
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| ==Definitions for the Tidal Characteristic Numbers of Temperature== | | ===Flood Current=== |
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| ===Program [[NCANALYSE]]=== | | ====Advective Flood Transport of Suspended Sediment==== |
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| ====Flood Current====
| | Suspended sediment mass, which is transported by means of flood current through a cross section |
| | | Example: not available. |
| =====Advective Flood Transport of Heat=====
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| Exact amount of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section during flood current due to advection. This quantity makes use of the normal flow of heat only, which is orthogonal to the flow face. Reconstruction of the total vector by means of projection is left to visualization programs (e. g. [[NCPLOT]]).
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| =====Diffusive Flood Transport of Heat=====
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| Exact amount of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section during flood current due to (turbulent) diffusion. This quantity makes use of the normal flow of heat only, which is orthogonal to the flow face. Reconstruction of the total vector by means of projection is left to visualization programs (e. g. [[NCPLOT]]).
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| =====Advective Flood Transport-Rate of Heat=====
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| Exact transport rate of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section during flood current due to advection. This quantity makes use of the normal flow of heat only, which is orthogonal to the flow face. Reconstruction of the total vector by means of projection is left to visualization programs (e. g. [[NCPLOT]]). On tidal flats this quantity is computed for the period of inundation only.
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| =====Diffusive Flood Transport-Rate of Heat=====
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| Exact transport rate of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section during flood current due to (turbulent) diffusion. This quantity makes use of the normal flow of heat only, which is orthogonal to the flow face. Reconstruction of the total vector by means of projection is left to visualization programs (e. g. [[NCPLOT]]). On tidal flats this quanmtity is computed for the period of inundation only.
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| =====Mean Temperature Flood Current=====
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| Mean value of temperature during the flood current duration of a tide.<br />
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| <!-- [[Example figures: Mean temperature flood current]]. <br /> -->
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| ====Ebb Current====
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| =====Advective Ebb Transport of Heat=====
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| Exact amount of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section during ebb current due to advection. This quantity makes use of the normal flow of heat only, which is orthogonal to the flow face. Reconstruction of the total vector by means of projection is left to visualization programs (e. g. [[NCPLOT]]).
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| =====Diffusive Ebb Transport of Heat=====
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| Exact amount of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section during ebb current due to (turbulent) diffusion. This quantity makes use of the normal flow of heat only, which is orthogonal to the flow face. Reconstruction of the total vector by means of projection is left to visualization programs (e. g. [[NCPLOT]]).
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| =====Advective Ebb Transport-Rate of Heat=====
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| Exact transport rate of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section during ebb current due to advection. This quantity makes use of the normal flow of heat only, which is orthogonal to the flow face. Reconstruction of the total vector by means of projection is left to visualization programs (e. g. [[NCPLOT]]). On tidal flats this quantity is computed for the period of inundation only.
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| =====Diffusive Ebb Transport-Rate of Heat=====
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| Exact transport rate of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section during ebb current due to (turbulent) diffusion. This quantity makes use of the normal flow of heat only, which is orthogonal to the flow face. Reconstruction of the total vector by means of projection is left to visualization programs (e. g. [[NCPLOT]]). On tidal flats this quanmtity is computed for the period of inundation only.
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| =====Mean Temperature Ebb Current=====
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| Mean value of temperature during the ebb current duration of a tide.<br />
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| <!-- [[Example figures: mean temperature ebb current]]. <br /> -->
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| ====Tidal Cycle====
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| =====Maximum Temperature=====
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| maximum value of temperature during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current).<br />
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| <!-- [[Example figures: maximum temperature]]. <br /> -->
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| =====Minimum Temperature=====
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| minimum value of temperature during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current).<br />
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| <!-- [[Example figures: minimum temperature]]. <br /> -->
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| =====Mean Temperature=====
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| average value of temperature during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current).<br />
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| <!-- [[Example figures: mean temperature]]. <br /> -->
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| =====Tidal Variation of Temperature=====
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| difference between the extreme values of temperature during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current).<br />
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| <!-- [[Example figures: tidal variation of temperature]]. <br /> -->
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| =====Advective Residual Transport of Heat=====
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| Residual based on exact volume of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section during a tidal cycle (flood current plus ebb current) due to advection. This quantity makes use of the normal flow of heat only, which is orthogonal to the flow face. Reconstruction of the total vector by means of projection is left to visualization programs (e. g. [[NCPLOT]]).
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| =====Diffusive Residual Transport of Heat=====
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| Residual based on exact volume of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section during a tidal cycle (flood current plus ebb current) due to diffusion. This quantity makes use of the normal flow of heat only, which is orthogonal to the flow face. Reconstruction of the total vector by means of projection is left to visualization programs (e. g. [[NCPLOT]]).
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| =====Advective Tidal Transport of Heat=====
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| Sum of individual transports (magnitudes) based on exact amount of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section during a tidal cycle (flood current plus ebb current) due to advection. This quantity makes use of the normal flow of heat only, which is orthogonal to the flow face.
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| =====Advective Heat Transport, Flood-Ebb-Ratio=====
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| Based on exact volume of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section during a tidal cycle due to advection. Quantity is computed from the (face) normal components only.
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| =====Advective Heat Transport, Flood-Tide-Ratio=====
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| Based on exact amount of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section due to advection. Quantity is computed from the (face) normal components only.
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| =====Advective Heat Transport, Ebb-Tide-Ratio=====
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| Based on exact amount of heat (with exception of roundoff) which passes a certain cross section due to advection. Quantity is computed from the (face) normal components only.
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| =====Mean Temperature Flood Current : Mean Temperature=====
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| Ratio of mean temperature of flood current to mean temperature during the complete tide.<br />
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| <!-- [[Example figures: mean temperature flood current : mean temperature]]. <br /> -->
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| =====Mean Temperature Ebb Current : Mean Temperature=====
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| Ratio of mean temperature of ebb current to mean temperature during the complete tide.<br />
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| <!-- [[Example figures: mean temperature ebb current : mean temperature]]. <br /> -->
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| =====Mean Temperature Flood Current : Mean Temperature Ebb Current=====
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| Ratio of mean temperature of flood current to mean temperature of ebb current.<br />
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| <!-- [[Example figures: mean temperature flood current : mean temperature ebb current]]. <br /> -->
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| =====Tidal Variation of Temperature : Mean Temperature===== | | ===Ebb Current=== |
| Ratio of tidal variation of temperature to mean temperature value of the tide.<br />
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| <!-- [[Example figures: tidal variation of temperature : mean temperature]]. <br /> -->
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| =====Maximum Temperature : Mean Temperature===== | | ====Advective Ebb Transport of Suspended Sediment==== |
| Ratio of maximum temperature of the tide to mean temperature value of the tide.<br />
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| <!-- [[Example figures: maximum temperature : mean temperature]]. <br /> -->
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| =====Minimum Temperature : Mean Temperature=====
| | Suspended sediment mass, which is transported by means of ebb current through a cross section |
| Ratio of minimum temperature of the tide to mean temperature value of the tide.<br />
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| <!-- [[Example figures: minimum temperature : mean temperature]]. <br /> -->
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| ===Program [[TDKSF]]===
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| ====Flood Current====
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| =====Advective Flood Transport of Heat=====
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| amount of heat, which is transported by means of flood current through a cross section<br />
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| Example: not available. | | Example: not available. |
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| ====Ebb Current==== | | ===Tidal Cycle=== |
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| =====Advective Ebb Transport of Heat===== | | ====Maximum Suspended Sediment Concentration==== |
| | | Maximum value of suspended sediment concentration during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current) |
| Amount of heat, which is transported by means of ebb current through a cross section<br />
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| Example: not available. | | Example: not available. |
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| ====Tidal Cycle==== | | ====Minimum Suspended sediment Concentration==== |
| | | Minimum value of suspended sediment concentration during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current) |
| =====Maximum Temperature=====
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| Maximum value of temperature during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current)<br />
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| Example: not available. | | Example: not available. |
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| =====Minimum Temperature===== | | ====Mean Suspended Sediment Concentration==== |
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| Minimum value of temperature during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current)<br />
| | Average value of suspended sediment concentration during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current) |
| Example: not available. | | Example: not available. |
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| =====Mean Temperature===== | | ====Tidal Variation of Suspended Sediment Concentration==== |
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| Average value of temperature during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current)<br />
| | Difference between the extreme values of suspended sediment concentration during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current) |
| Example: not available. | | Example: not available. |
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| =====Tidal Variation of Temperature===== | | ====Advective Residual Transport of Suspended Sediment==== |
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| Difference between the extreme values of temperature during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current)<br />
| | Residual suspended sediment mass which is transported by means of ebb and flood currents through a cross section (the different transport directions are taken into account). If the advective transport by means of flood current is equal but in opposite direction of the ebb current transport this will result in a zero advective residual transport of suspended sediment. |
| Example: not available. | | Example: not available. |
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| =====Advective Residual Transport of Heat=====
| | ====Advective Suspended Sediment Transport, Flood-Ebb-Ratio==== |
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| Residual amount of heat which is transported by means of ebb and flood currents through a cross section (the different transport directions are taken into account). If the advective transport by means of flood current is equal but in opposite direction of the ebb current transport this will result in a zero advective residual transport of heat.<br />
| | Flood to ebb ratio for the suspended sediment volumes which are transported by means of flood and ebb currents |
| Example: not available. | | Example: not available. |
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| =====Advective Temperature, Flood-Ebb-Ratio=====
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| Flood to ebb ratio for the amounts of heat which are transported by means of flood and ebb currents<br />
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| Example: not available.
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graphical representations of the characteristic numbers of salinity
Motivation
The calculation as well as the graphic visualization of various tidal characteristic numbers of suspended sediment concentration and also for the advective transport of suspended sediment contributes to an improved understanding of tidally dominated transport processes in estuaries. Spatial variations of suspended sediment concentration, advective transport of suspended sediment by means of flood and ebb currents can be highlighted for areas like coastal seas and estuaries as well.
- As the calculations are performed separately for the durations of ebb- and flood-current it can be shown that transport paths can differ significantly for the two tidal phases. From this one can get additional insight with respect to the relevant transport mechanisms dominated by the tidal currents. This can be related to locally varying flood-ebb asymmetries for ebb volume and flood volume. Also the presence of horizontal gradients can contribute to this effect.
- The variation of suspended sediment concentration resulting from the local maximum as well as the local minimum of suspended sediment concentration can be quite large. This is a consequence of the different availability of suspended sediments, e. g. inside or outside of the turbidity maximum. The value for the local suspended sediment concentration variation is mainly the result of the product between the horizontal suspended sediment concentration gradient and the lagrangian drift of a water particle during a complete tidal cycle, but also effected by the strong spatial variation of deposition and erosion of suspended sediments throughout the estuary.
An automatic analysis of all tidal characteristic numbers of suspended sediment transport is carried through by the computer program TDKSF.
Definitions for the Tidal Characteristic Numbers of Suspended Sediment Transport
Flood Current
Advective Flood Transport of Suspended Sediment
Suspended sediment mass, which is transported by means of flood current through a cross section
Example: not available.
Ebb Current
Advective Ebb Transport of Suspended Sediment
Suspended sediment mass, which is transported by means of ebb current through a cross section
Example: not available.
Tidal Cycle
Maximum Suspended Sediment Concentration
Maximum value of suspended sediment concentration during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current)
Example: not available.
Minimum Suspended sediment Concentration
Minimum value of suspended sediment concentration during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current)
Example: not available.
Mean Suspended Sediment Concentration
Average value of suspended sediment concentration during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current)
Example: not available.
Tidal Variation of Suspended Sediment Concentration
Difference between the extreme values of suspended sediment concentration during a complete tidal cycle (period between two subsequent slack water times of ebb current)
Example: not available.
Advective Residual Transport of Suspended Sediment
Residual suspended sediment mass which is transported by means of ebb and flood currents through a cross section (the different transport directions are taken into account). If the advective transport by means of flood current is equal but in opposite direction of the ebb current transport this will result in a zero advective residual transport of suspended sediment.
Example: not available.
Advective Suspended Sediment Transport, Flood-Ebb-Ratio
Flood to ebb ratio for the suspended sediment volumes which are transported by means of flood and ebb currents
Example: not available.
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