Definition of the Characteristic Parameters

Graph 1: Parameters and Functional Dependencies

A moving ship generates waves of different periods as a consequence of its displacement current causing pressure and water level changes at its bow, stern and alongside its hull. The following parameters describe the ship wave and current system, for example, for a ship moving in an estuary at subcritical speed (ship speed less than the phase speed of the prevailing waves):

• the bow pressure (s_B) directly at the hull,
• the water level depression (z_A) at the side of the ship,
• the stern wave (H_P) which is a part of the long period primary wave system,
• the secondary wave superimposed on the primary wave system (H_S),
• velocity (v_R) of the simultaneously occurring return current.

The water level changes for a depth- and width-limited waterway, as seen by an observer from the bank, are shown as a vertically exaggerated sideview in the above sketch.

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Overview