Head structure
From BAWiki
Definition
Structure for the addition of water into a waterway from either reservoirs or detention basins by gravity. Reference area here is the enriched waters, while at the introduction structures the water introduced makes up the reference area. Structure to measure quantities of water to control and dissipate.
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Source
translated from "Fachwörterbuch für Bewässerung und Entwässerung, Ausschuss für Internationale Zusammenarbeit im Kuratorium für Kulturbauwesen, Franckh’sche Verlagshandlung Stuttgart, 1984" by Alejandro and Hannah Carrizo